Snapshot
Revenue was $93.9 billion in FY2025, compared with $91.9 billion in FY2024, while net income was $8.3 billion in FY2025, compared with $9.6 billion in FY2024. Operating income was $11.5 billion in FY2025, below $12.9 billion in FY2024.
In Q2 FY2026, revenue was $24.2 billion, gross profit was $13.1 billion, operating income was $4.0 billion and net income was $3.0 billion. Diluted EPS was $2.18 in Q2 FY2026, and free cash flow was $1.6 billion in Q2 FY2026. On a trailing basis, revenue was $96.9 billion in TTM to Q2 FY2026 and net income was $10.5 billion in TTM to Q2 FY2026.
Growth
Revenue increased 2.25% in FY2025 against FY2024, and its compound annual growth rate was 2.83% in FY2022–FY2025 and 5.94% in FY2020–FY2025. Diluted EPS declined −13.7% in FY2025 against FY2024; its compound annual growth rate was −2.23% in FY2022–FY2025 and 3.22% in FY2020–FY2025. Free cash flow increased 8.88% in FY2025 against FY2024, with compound annual growth of 11.9% in FY2022–FY2025 and 4.99% in FY2020–FY2025.
Revenue increased 6.40% in Q2 FY2026 against Q2 FY2025, diluted EPS increased 137.0% in Q2 FY2026 against Q2 FY2025, and free cash flow increased 41.8% in Q2 FY2026 against Q2 FY2025.
Profitability
Gross margin was 54.1% in FY2025, a change of −0.4 percentage points in FY2024–FY2025 and −0.7 percentage points in FY2020–FY2025. Operating margin was 12.2% in FY2025, down −1.8 percentage points in FY2024–FY2025 and −2.1 percentage points in FY2020–FY2025. Net margin was 8.83% in FY2025, down −1.6 percentage points in FY2024–FY2025 and −1.4 percentage points in FY2020–FY2025.
Return on equity was 42.6% in FY2025, return on assets was 7.97% in FY2025, and return on invested capital was 13.5% in FY2025. Each was lower in FY2025 than in FY2024. Operating margin was 16.6% in Q2 FY2026, versus 7.87% in Q2 FY2025.
Balance sheet
Total debt was $42.3 billion in FY2025, compared with $37.2 billion in FY2024, while net debt was $32.8 billion in FY2025, compared with $28.0 billion in FY2024. Cash and short-term investments were $9.5 billion in FY2025, and shareholders’ equity was $20.5 billion in FY2025. Working capital was −$4.8 billion in FY2025.
Net debt was $31.9 billion in Q2 FY2026, compared with $31.7 billion in Q1 FY2026 and $31.4 billion in Q2 FY2025. The current ratio was 0.9× in Q2 FY2026, and debt to equity was 1.9× in Q2 FY2026. Book value per share was $15.01 in FY2025.
Cash flow & capital return
Operating cash flow was $12.1 billion in FY2025, down −3.36% in FY2025 against FY2024. Capital expenditure was $3.9 billion in FY2025, while free cash flow was $8.2 billion in FY2025, up 8.88% in FY2025 against FY2024. Free cash flow represented 98.9% of net income in FY2025.
Dividends paid were $7.6 billion in FY2025, and net share repurchases were $903.0 million in FY2025. Capital returned to shareholders was $8.5 billion in FY2025 and $37.4 billion in FY2021–FY2025. Weighted average shares were 1.4 billion shares in FY2025; the share count changed −1.16% in FY2020–FY2025.
Valuation
Market capitalisation was $169.0 billion as of October 7, 2026. P/E was 16.2× as of October 7, 2026, below the five-year median of 23.9× and ten-year median of 24.7×, and below the industry median of 21.0× as of October 7, 2026. P/S was 1.7× as of October 7, 2026, below its five-year and ten-year medians of 2.5×, but higher than the industry median of 1.6×.
P/B was 7.6× as of October 7, 2026, below its five-year median of 12.8× and ten-year median of 13.1×, but higher than the industry median of 4.8×. EV/Sales was 2.1× as of October 7, 2026, below its own medians and above the industry median of 2.0×. EV/Cash flow was 38.4× as of October 7, 2026, above its own medians.
What changed since last quarter
Revenue rose 24.4% in Q2 FY2026 against Q1 FY2026 and 6.40% in Q2 FY2026 against Q2 FY2025. Diluted EPS rose 28.2% in Q2 FY2026 against Q1 FY2026 and 137.0% in Q2 FY2026 against Q2 FY2025. Gross margin changed −1.0 percentage point in Q2 FY2026 against Q1 FY2026 and −0.4 percentage points in Q2 FY2026 against Q2 FY2025, while operating margin changed 0.1 percentage points sequentially and 8.8 percentage points year over year.
Management attributes reported operating-profit growth in its 2026 results to productivity savings, effective net pricing, tariff refunds, acquisition and divestiture-related charges and credits, and commodity-derivative gains. Management also identifies operating-cost increases and higher advertising and marketing expenses as partial offsets. Free cash flow rose from −$460.0 million in Q1 FY2026 to $1.6 billion in Q2 FY2026; its percentage change is not meaningful because the earlier value was zero or negative.
Open questions
- How much of recent revenue movement reflects pricing, volume, foreign exchange, and acquisition or divestiture effects across the company?
- How recurring are the items that management cites as contributing to operating-profit changes?
- How will input costs, tariffs, and advertising and marketing spending affect future margins?
- What is driving the change in debt and net debt over time?
Sources
- Form 10-Q filed October 8, 2026 — management’s discussion and analysis