Modified

The investment management industry is evolving, facing challenging trends such as passive strategies taking market share from traditional active strategies; continued downward fee pressure; demand for new investment vehicles to meet client needs; and an ever-changing regulatory landscape. In this regard, we have ample liquidity and resources that allow us to take advantage of attractive growth opportunities. Furthermore, we have developed a broad and ongoing plan to align our expense growth with anticipated revenue growth. As a result, we have initiated certaintaken actions to reduce expense growth, realign resources, and invest in existing and future capabilities, while also helping to offset ongoing inflationary pressures on compensation and contractual spending. These investments include hiring investment and distribution professionals, adopting new technologies, and offering new products to provide our clients with strong investment management expertise and services.